Automobiles are vehicles that are designed to transport people. They usually have four wheels and can seat one to eight people. They are powered by an engine that uses gasoline, diesel fuel, natural gas or electricity.

The first automobile was a steam-powered machine built by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot of France in 1769. Steam-powered cars were heavy and moved very slowly. In the 19th century some manufacturers made cars that were run by steam, but they did not achieve wide popularity. Later, the automobile was developed with an internal combustion engine. This allowed them to move faster and be more comfortable.

Modern automobiles are complex technical systems with thousands of parts that have specific design functions. Some have been influenced by advances in materials, while others are driven by the need to improve safety and performance. Today, there are more than 1.4 billion automobiles in use worldwide.

Automobiles can be made in a variety of shapes and sizes to suit different needs. Some are specialized, such as those used in construction or at ports. There are also emergency automobiles, including fire engines, ambulances and police cars.

Karl Benz was the inventor of the modern automobile, but Henry Ford was the businessman who put the car in the hands of ordinary people. He created the Model T, which cost less than other models and was very reliable. Ford’s production techniques enabled him to make many cars quickly in a factory, and this allowed people of all income levels to afford an automobile.

The automobile has changed society, giving people freedom to travel long distances quickly and easily. This has helped them find jobs, buy homes and goods and visit family and friends. It has also caused problems, such as pollution and congestion on roads. Many people have died in car accidents, and the noise from automobiles can disturb some residents of urban areas.

The future of the automobile depends on how they are used. For example, off-road vehicles must be durable and have simple systems, while those for high-speed use need to have better passenger comfort options and optimize high-speed handling. The availability of energy from renewable sources and the need to reduce oil dependence may also influence the future of automobiles. People also have to consider the impact of automobiles on their lifestyle, especially on work hours and leisure activities. For example, some people do not want to drive a fast, sporty automobile because they prefer to relax at home in the evenings. Others want a more practical vehicle that is economical to maintain and repair, but which can still get them from A to B. They may also prefer a quiet electric car over a roaring V8.